World War 3 could potentially trigger rapid evolutionary changes in humans, leading to abilities akin to fictional superheroes, according to Professor Tim Coulson, a zoologist from Oxford University. Speaking in The European magazine, Coulson suggested that a nuclear war‘s aftermath could significantly alter human evolution, resulting in physical and mental transformations “beyond recognition.”

Insights from Evolutionary Science

Coulson argues that natural selection could favor traits like bulletproof skin, enhanced intelligence, and even wings as humans adapt to survive a post-apocalyptic world. These traits could emerge to help people overcome challenges such as food scarcity, destroyed habitats, and heightened threats. He noted that evolution, driven by genetic variation and environmental changes, has historically enabled species, including humans, to adapt over millions of years.

Potential evolutionary directions

The professor described how future humans might develop “super-senses,” extreme physical strength, or even the ability to fly, similar to bats, to navigate threats and attract mates. However, he acknowledged that evolution could also lead in the opposite direction, with humans possibly becoming less intelligent or physically weaker, depending on how environments change.

Historical context and evolutionary triggers

Coulson emphasized the role of catastrophic events, such as wars and climate shifts, in accelerating evolution. “Major changes in the environment often drive significant genetic shifts,” he explained, highlighting how previous civilizational collapses, like those of the Mayans or ancient Egypt, shaped human development.

Uncertain futures

While the professor’s predictions may seem speculative, they underscore the unpredictability of evolutionary pathways. He remarked, “We cannot underestimate how environmental changes could impact our evolution. Civilization itself might select for traits like sloth or stupidity, while its collapse could favor survival attributes like strength and intelligence.”

Coulson’s insights form part of his book, The Universal History of Us: A 13.8-billion-year tale from the Big Bang to You, which examines humanity’s evolutionary journey and its potential future transformations.